Elbow fractures are any broken bone in or near the elbow joint. They can be extremely painful and cause limited range of motion in the elbow. To avoid any permanent complications, seek proper treatment from a doctor specialized in treating elbow fractures as soon as possible.
Causes of Elbow Fractures
Elbow fractures are usually caused by some sort of trauma to the elbow. This includes blunt force trauma or the elbow being twisted beyond its intended range of movement. These sorts of traumas most often occur during falls, sports accidents, and other physical activities.
Treatment for Elbow Fractures
Luckily, there are a wide range of treatment options available for elbow fractures. These treatments include both non-surgical and surgical options.
Non-Surgical Treatment
Non-surgical treatment is usually only an option for stable fractures. This means that the broken bones are still lined up and in their proper position. In these cases, immobilization may be all that is needed to treat the fracture. This means placing the elbow in a cast or splint, preventing movement. Immobilization is used in conjunction with other non-surgical treatment methods, including:
- Over-the-counter or prescription painkillers.
- Physical therapy to prevent stiffness and restore mobility.
- Rest to ensure the fracture stays stable.
Oftentimes, these treatments are all that is necessary in order for a stable fracture to heal properly.
Surgical Treatment
Surgical treatment is required when the fracture is displaced, unstable, or open. There are multiple surgeries that can be used to treat elbow fractures, including:
- Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF): This is the most common surgical approach. The fractured bone fragments are placed into normal alignment and secured with plates, screws, or pins.
- Radial Head Replacement (Arthroplasty): This surgery is used when the radial head (top of the radius bone) is shattered and cannot be reconstructed. It involves replacing the radial head with a metal prosthesis.
- External Fixation: A frame is placed on the exterior of the elbow to hold bones in place. The frame is fixed in place using pins or wires that pass through the skin and into the bone.
- Fragment Excision: This is used when the fracture has caused tiny fragments of bone to break away, causing joint interference.
One of our elbow specialists will be able to determine if you need surgery, and if so, which surgery is the best option for you.
Signs and Symptoms of a Fractured Elbow
A number of symptoms present themselves when an elbow is fractured. These include:
- Swelling of the elbow.
- Stiffness of the elbow.
- Bruising around the elbow or arm.
- Numbness or weakness of the hand or fingers.
- Tenderness to the touch.
- Pain when rotating the forearm.
- Feeling as though the elbow is going to “pop out” of the joint.
If you are experiencing any of the above symptoms, you should see an elbow specialist as soon as possible to determine whether or not you have suffered a fracture.
How Long Does a Fractured Elbow Take to Heal?
Healing time will largely depend on whether or not surgery was needed. In cases of non-surgical treatment, the fracture is often healed in 4-6 weeks, with full recovery taking 2-3 months. When surgery is required, the fracture typically heals in 6-8 weeks, with full recovery taking 3-6 months. In this context, “full recovery” means strength and range of motion has returned to pre-fracture levels.
Can Fractured Elbows Heal Without Surgery?
Fractured elbows can heal without surgery, provided that they are stable. Unstable fractures will not heal correctly without surgical intervention, leading to a loss of range of motion and other permanent complications. In cases of elbow fractures, an elbow specialist should always be seen to determine the correct course of action.